Bibliography Deduplicator
Remove duplicate references, keep the first copy.
Runs in your browser. Nothing is uploaded — your input is processed on this device and discarded when you close the tab.
Bibliography Deduplicator
How to use this tool
- Paste your references, one per line.
- Press Generate. Entries that match after lowercasing and stripping punctuation are treated as duplicates; the first copy is kept.
- Copy the cleaned list and check it before using it in your work.
Worked example
Pasting 'Smith, J. (2020). Cats and sleep.' twice, plus 'Smith J 2020 Cats and sleep', leaves one copy: the second and third lines are duplicates once case and punctuation are ignored, so 2 duplicates are removed.
What this tool does not do / Limits
Matching is text-based, not citation-aware: two genuinely different works by the same author in the same year can look alike if their titles are typed identically, and the same work typed with different wording will not be caught. Always check the cleaned list yourself.
Frequently asked questions
Which copy is kept?
The first occurrence, exactly as you typed it. Later duplicates are dropped, not merged.
Does it understand different citation styles?
No. It compares the text you paste, ignoring case and punctuation, so the same reference in two styles may not match.
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